Correction and Retraction

The International Martial Arts and Culture Journal is firmly committed to preserving the integrity, accuracy, and completeness of the scholarly record for all users. Any modifications to articles after online publication are permitted only under the specific conditions outlined below. The journal places strong emphasis on the authority and permanence of published articles, and this policy is grounded in established best practices within the academic publishing community.

An Erratum is a formal statement issued by the authors of the original article to correct errors or omissions identified after publication. Any implications of these corrections for the conclusions of the study must be clearly stated. The original article remains accessible on the journal’s website, with an erratum notice linked to it. All errata are made freely available to readers.

A Retraction is issued to inform readers that an article should no longer be considered part of the scientific record. Retractions may occur when there is clear evidence that the findings are unreliable, whether due to research misconduct or unintentional error; when the work has been previously published without appropriate citation, permission, or justification; when plagiarism is identified; or when the research violates ethical standards. To maintain the integrity of the scholarly record, retracted articles are not removed from the journal platform; instead, a retraction notice is published, freely accessible, and directly linked to the affected article. Retractions may be initiated by the authors upon identification of significant scientific errors, or by the Editors or Publisher when deemed necessary. In all cases, the retraction notice clearly states the reason for retraction and identifies the party responsible for the decision. If the retraction proceeds without the full agreement of all authors, this circumstance is explicitly noted. In exceptional cases involving legal or regulatory violations, the Publisher may redact or remove the article; however, the bibliographic record will be retained to safeguard the continuity of the scholarly archive.

A Publisher’s Note is issued by the Publisher to inform readers of corrections made after publication, particularly when typographical or production-related errors attributable to the Publisher affect the accuracy of article metadata—such as the title, author information, or byline—or significantly hinder comprehension of the article. In such cases, the original version is replaced with a corrected article. Publisher’s Notes are freely available to all readers. Minor errors that do not compromise metadata integrity, reader understanding, or scientific validity may be corrected at the Publisher’s discretion without the issuance of a formal notice.

When an article is corrected and replaced, the date of correction is clearly indicated on the revised version. Authors should note that replacement of an article with a corrected version is only permitted within one year of the original publication date. For articles published more than one year prior, any corrections will be documented exclusively through a Publisher’s Note.

For additional guidance, authors, reviewers, and editors are encouraged to consult the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) Guidelines for Retracting Articles.